Chargeback reason code fr4. Number two: Product Not Received chargebacks. Chargeback reason code fr4

 
Number two: Product Not Received chargebacksChargeback reason code fr4  Visa - 13

ACH return codes are a type of shorthand for specific information concerning the return, much like the card decline codes or dispute reason codes used by credit card networks. Try Shopify free for 3 days, no credit card required. Duplicate transaction. [noun]/* kə • stə • mər • di • spyo͞ot/. FR4: Immediate Chargeback Program-Miscellaneous: Amex: FR5: Immediate Chargeback Program-Miscellaneous: Amex: FR6: Immediate. FR4: Fraud: Immediate Chargeback Program: This is a program that allows American Express to process any dispute immediately as cardholder. Chargeback Reason Codes by Network - 2023 Orientation. 1 Allocation Fraud and Authorization related chargebacks will be processed through an automated workflow. This will put the onus of the chargeback back on the card-issuing bank as opposed to the merchant, for many chargeback reason codes. Some Mastercard reason codes (4808, 4870, and 4871) proceed directly to arbitration if the issuer does not accept the merchant's representment. What is Visa chargeback reason code 12. Chargeback reason codes. American Express . 2. Use this guide as a quick resource for Visa chargeback reasons at a. The following are reason codes for the same scenario: Visa: Reason Code 30 Services not provided or merchandise not received. Chargeback Reason Codes 85 and 4860 may be caused because the merchant: Did not issue a credit. In this case, the customer files for the pre-compliance chargeback (aka reason code 98). Take the time to note the following dispute reason codes for Visa. • Section 4: Chargeback Reason Codes—Contains detailed information on the reason codes for the most common types of chargebacks that merchants receive. To subscribe and learn more about the free online chargeback management system, or contact Chase Paymentech Client Services at 1. Issued the credit but did not deposit it with its processing bank in time for it to appear on the cardholder’s next statement. About American Express chargeback reason codes. Here are the two possible scenarios: 1. There is a USD 25 limit for the First Chargeback (Reason Code 22). No Valid Authorization. As part of its move to support card-not-present merchants and airlines, Visa made changes to the compelling evidence requirements for four key reason codes: Reason Code 30: Services Not Provided or Merchandise Not Received. A reason code will be provided. 41 4841 Cancelled Recurring Transaction 53 4853 Not as Described or Defective Merchandise 57 4840 Fraudulent Multiple Transactions 62 4870/4871 Counterfeit Transaction Being familiar with the potential chargeback reason codes gives recurringChargeback or chargeback dispute: A claim against a transaction initiated by a customer with their bank, resulting in a forced payment reversal. But, it could be up to 540 days, in some situations. Timeframe: Under card network rules, a cardholder has up to 120 calendar days from the settlement date to initiate a chargeback (depending on the chargeback reason code). 104. 6). Reason Code 53 Re-presentment Conditions. What is Visa chargeback reason code 12. There are a number of chargeback reason codes that are dedicated specifically to transaction errors. Visa’s process introduces four dispute categories and associated numerical labels (Fraud – 10, Authorization – 11, Processing Errors – 12, Consumer Disputes – 13) under which the renamed reason codes will be placed. ” This reason code is used when a cardholder disputes a transaction, and the merchant is currently enrolled in the American Express. Reason Code 53 chargeback can be re-presented in one of the following circumstances: chargeback is invalid or a credit was processed. This definitive guide comes that chargeback reason codes from jeder of of four majority card networks. A new 4 byte reason code will be used moving forward. Once you know why a chargeback happened, you can start building a case to address the claims that were. A chargeback happens when a customer requests for a transaction to be reversed. Try Shopify free for 3 days, no credit card required. But if RDR receives a dispute about a Visa card transaction, it will instead consult the ruleset provided by the. It depends on the chargeback reason code associated with the dispute. Write customer-friendly policies. It covers topics such as chargeback rights, time frames, reason codes, arbitration and compliance. Look below the surface. Stage #1: Awareness - be aware of the chargeback response time limitCE 3. Discover uses unique codes to explain those reasons to merchants. Description: Reason code for applying handling fee. 4 falls under the “Processing Errors” category. Once filed, the merchant generally has 20. 195 Acquirer Use of Message Reason Code 7627-Face-to-Face or CAT Level 2 Transac tion. Customer Dispute. How many chargeback reason codes exist? There are 151 reason codes across the four major card networks. 4807 Warning Bulletin File. 800. If more information is needed, you’ll either receive an Inquiry or a Chargeback. When a card is declined, it is in your best interest to accept that answer and either cancel the transaction or ask for a different form of payment. In simple terms, an Electronic Commerce Indicator (ECI) is basically a 3-D Secure response code. Duplicate transaction. Since the chargeback process can be costly and time consuming, merchants should consider it an important priority. Therefore, the issuer may submit a chargeback for a Payment Transaction using the message reason code 4842 before the 30-calendar day presentment time frame normally required for this message reason code. Stage 1: First Chargeback. FR4:. Other Fraud—Card Present Environment. Each of the major card brands, including Visa, Mastercard, and others, have their own system of reason codes. Click the Update Chargeback link to edit the chargeback details. Mastercard Chargeback Guide is a comprehensive document that explains the rules and procedures for resolving disputes between cardholders, merchants and issuers. 11. At Visa they used to receive reason code 98. Most acquiring banks put a timeframe on when customers can initiate a chargeback for a purchase. 4% of all transactions worldwide are made with EMV chip cards, which has led to a precipitous drop in card-present fraud. Midigator has created a database of reason codes. While the service is expensive, and only certain merchant processors know how to facilitate this, it might be a viable option for bustling e-commerce businesses as a way do decrease costly. MasterCard - 4855 Goods or Services Not Provided. Depending on the specific situation, Mastercard will match authorization response to one of the following merchant advice codes: Mastercard Response Code. manual processing by uploading chargeback documents instantly. The usual period that card networks will accept chargeback disputes is up to 120 days from the date of the settlement for the charge. Depending on the reason for the chargeback, your evidence needs to prove you: verified the identity of the shopper. Chargebacks are a major threat to businesses big and small. Mastercard Chargeback Reason Code 70: Chip Liability Shift. Sometimes, customers get wrongly debited due to manual data entry errors by the merchant’s team. On the home screen, tap “Disputes. WEX has repurposed chargeback reason code 10 to indicate EMV chargebacks. S. Mastercard also considers some chargeback reason codes to be indisputable. ”. Valid Values/Format: 22 - First Chargeback Handling Fee. About American Express chargeback reason codes. 3 is part of an updated and expanded revision of the legacy codes that indicated fraud, codes which were phased out under the Visa Claims Resolution initiative. Message. Step 2: Customer initiates the chargeback. Here’s how your store can prevent and deal with chargebacks. However, the disputes themselves are still categorized by the issuing. France saw a drop of roughly 50% during the same period. Everyone has had the experience of buying. You should be. The cardholder does not recognize the Merchant. QR Codes: One common way to accept Alipay is via QR code payments. Cardholders and card issuers can place disputes on transactions for a variety of reasons including product returns, defects, cancelled reservations, and card processing errors. FR4 FR6 M01 M10 P01 P03 P04 P05 P07 P08 P22 P23 R03 R13 Select a code to see the details QUICK REFERENCE Time to respond: 20 days from date of chargeback. Chargeback Reason Coded by Network - 2023 Guide. 3 Other Fraud: Card-Present Environment. Most commonly the payer is a consumer. This information should be based on the Visa chargeback reason codes assigned to the case. The chargeback process starts when a customer (or, less frequently, their issuing bank) challenges a transaction as invalid. The network plans to reduce response times even further to just 20 days in the near future. Fine Period - month 1 1 Acquirer receives Excessive Fraud Activity Notification 2. Click on the Chargeback Reason Code drop-down menu, the user can change the. Unfortunately, it is pretty challenging to prevent friendly fraud. 16, 2021. The number of in-person fraud attacks attempted in the UK has dropped by 69% since 2004. In friendly fraud, the cardholder. How you respond is determined by the chargeback reason code: Embed This Graphic. 1=1010, 10. Complete Guide to Visa Compelling Evidence Update CE 3. In this instance, the cardholder claims a misrepresentation of the order they received, such as a defect, damage, counterfeit, or incomplete merchandise. Description. Reason Code North-America: Canada and United States of America; Reason Code:. The issuer investigates. 4846. Chargeback Reason Code. If they think it does, they assign it a reason code and credit the funds back to the cardholder’s account. FR4: Establishment on Immediate Chargeback Agreement, Discontinue Future Billings: FR5: Establishment on Immediate Chargeback Program, Disputed Charges Debited: FR6:There are many reasons why a chargeback occurs, with over 100 reason codes listed across the major credit card brands. FAQ: What is Chargeback. The issuing bank will then pass on the chargeback to the merchant. Pursuant to the Fair Credit Billing Act of 1974, cardholders have the right to dispute unauthorized or erroneous charges, and issuing banks must reverse a disputed transaction if the cardholder’s claim. The client will send this dispute to Paymentology’s Global support team via email – support@paymentology. 6 Processing Transactions 7 Processing Transactions Swiping a Card Before swiping, make sure the stripe is facing the reader. A02. 2: Cancelled recurring transaction: VCR Dispute Reason Code 13. C04 — Goods/Services Returned or Refused The customer returned a product or service, but a credit was never processed by the merchant. Reasons a customer may initiate a chargeback include: Ordering a product and not receiving it. Chargebacks. 2. FR4 Full Recourse FR5 Full Recourse M01 Acct Notice - processed Chargeback authorization M02 Acct Notice - processed your credit M03 Acct Notice - processed your credit M04 Acct Notice - debit stands M05 Acct Notice - ch does not agree M06 Fraud - full data stream not provided M07 Rental Room Charges Only M08 Rental Room Charges Only the Chargeback. • Removed reason code 4840 (Fraudulent Processing of Transactions) Chapter 1—General Information. Choose “chargeback and inquiry status” from the drop-down menu. Time Frames by Chargeback Type and Reason Code The Time Frame charts in this guide indicate the reason codes, allowable time frames for chargeback processing and type. Use order validation and prevention alerts. Or fill in the chargeback form because it seems easier than contacting the merchant directly. 3 falls under the “Consumer Disputes” category. There are plenty of reasons as to why this would happen, hence the many. 1 Merchandise/ Services Not Received. Breaking Down Chargeback Fees. Spot these types of chargebacks using. View the entire list of reason codes below or search. EFM MONTHLY CRITERIA NUMBER OF E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS FRAUD CHARGEBACK AMOUNT FRAUD CHARGEBACK RATIO BASIS POINTS (BPS) 3DS UTILIZATION (EMV 3DS + DATA. pdf), Text File (. Review your credit card processor’s policies to understand its chargeback dispute process. Expedited Dispute Resolution forms will not be allowed. 1 EMV Liability Shift Counterfeit Fraud 10. 9905. If the dispute involves a non-Visa card, the dispute can be paused for up to 72 hours for the merchant to respond. At the same time, your account is debited for the chargeback amount, and the. Region. The merchant did not receive any returned merchandise. An issuer can initiate a first chargeback when the circumstances of the transaction meet the requirement of a chargeback reason code described in the Chargeback Guide. Chargeback Reason Code 30 - Services Not Provided or Merchandise Not Received The chargeback time limit is calculated based on one of the following: 120 calendar days after the transaction processing date 120 calendar days after the last date the cardholder expected to receive the goods or services (not to exceed 540 days of the transaction. Dispute Condition Description Dispute Condition Code Category Code Category Code Description; EMV Liability Shift: 10. Receive the Chargeback. Administrative returns (R02, R03, R04): 3%. Which is meant to know the reason for the dispute. Code. 10/21/14 Updated Chargeback Time Frames: Added Reason Code 05; Addendum Reason Code PM; Changed TF time frame from 120 days to 540 days. A chargeback is the potential outcome of a disputed credit or debit card transaction. All chargebacks start with a customer making a purchase in person, in an app, or online. The reason_code will be one of the following values: chargeback_reimbursement: The gross shows positive if the chargeback was resolved in the seller's favor, and the seller gets a refund. 101. Once you receive this notification, you have 11 days to submit a response. VCR tables (Figures 1 and 2) map the old Reason Code to its new Reason Code. 975. These are only a handful of common Visa chargeback reason codes. 2. ”. Chargebacks are a problem that is growing worse across the board, and gas station. Scenario 1 — upfront chargeback. 0: Changed report name from Downloadable Dispute Report to Case Report. The chargeback process can last from one month to six months. PCI DSS v3. Luckily, our reason code directory makes is a bit simpler to make sense of issuer codes. Chargeback Reason Codes and Descriptions. This provided a number of insights into the typical. See the list of reason codes below: Card Network. Here is an overview of how the general chargeback process works with most major processors (we’ll get into how Square does it down below) Step 1: A purchase occurs. Amex uses the same four main categories as Visa to organize its reason codes: Authorization, Card Member Disputes (which Visa refers to as Consumer Disputes), Fraud, and Processing Errors. American Express reason code 155, Visa reason code 30, MasterCard reason code 4855, and Discover reason code 4755 are all specific reason codes for Shopify payment chargebacks. Visa Chargeback Reason Codes. The charge was flagged by the Amex Fraud Full Recourse Program. Collect Compelling Evidence. After the introduction of Visa Claims Resolution, Visa set the goal of resolving all disputes in less than 31 days. Example: 25. The chargeback reverses a money transfer from the consumer's bank account, line of credit, or credit card. Some credit card companies also include a short phrase describing the code and chargeback. 4. Chargeback Reason Codes by Industry. It is a valuable resource for anyone involved in the payments industry. In fact, 91. No two merchants will get exactly the same chargebacks for the same reasons, but there are definite patterns depending on the market you serve. Your business may not have to handle all chargeback cases — the processor will provide automatic representation in some instances. the requested documentation, your account will be debited. 4: . The sale is revoked, and the merchant loses the sale amount plus fees. The reason codes are grouped into several broad. April 2018_Chargeback Reason Code Encyclopedia. Though the credit card networks have a vast choice of codes, loopholes still happen. MasterCard: Reason Code 4859 Services not rendered. that the transaction was either approved online by the issuer or offline by the chip. But friendly fraud is much more ambiguous. 2 EMV Liability Shift. EMV Liability Shift Counterfeit Fraud. Chargeback reason codes are an abbreviated way of offering a basic explanation for the chargeback. It is associated with a chargeback reason code, and it is specific per Card Scheme. Below you will find the reason codes for the dispute events Chargeback, Request for Information (RFI), and Notification of Fraud (NOF). UA10 Request Transaction Receipt (swiped card transactions) UA11 Cardholder claims fraud (swiped transaction, no signature)• Section 4: Chargeback Reason Codes—Contains detailed information on the reason codes for the most common types of chargebacks that merchants receive. Expedited Dispute Resolution forms will not be allowed. Poor order shipping: Not shipping goods or delivering services as promised, shipping to the wrong address, or not making the goods available. The cardholder initiates contact with their bank or credit union to file a dispute. Supporting Documents You could potentially reverse a Chargeback by providing the necessary supporting Amex uses the same four main categories as Visa to organize its reason codes: Authorization, Card Member Disputes (which Visa refers to as Consumer Disputes), Fraud, and Processing Errors. The bank or credit union then conducts an investigation to ascertain the validity of the dispute. Each card network maintains reason codes to cover all the disputes that qualify for. Clerical These chargebacks occur to resolve chargeback-related disputes between network members. 7: Defective goods and services: C32: RM: 13. Written by Chargeback Gurus. Chargeback Base Codes by Network - 2023 Guide. Another downside is that chargebacks on annual subscriptions. 4846 — Incorrect Currency Code. Note: Fraud is generally the most common chargeback dispute reason. 2: Canceled Recurring Transaction, and those disputes would still go through the normal chargeback process. RuPay has categorized all the chargeback reason codes into 5 different groups as stated below. 3: Goods or services were not received: C08: RG: 4855: 13. UA02 Fraud – Card Not Present Transaction. MasterCard and. 2. 2 Declined Authorization. The chargeback initially results in the debit or credit card charge being reversed and the funds that you received for the payment being returned to the customer. EFM MONTHLY CRITERIA NUMBER OF E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS FRAUD CHARGEBACK AMOUNT FRAUD CHARGEBACK RATIO BASIS POINTS (BPS) 3DS UTILIZATION (EMV 3DS + DATA. Pursuant to the Fair Credit Billing Act of 1974, cardholders have the right to dispute unauthorized or erroneous charges, and issuing banks must reverse a disputed transaction if the cardholder’s claim. American Express uses four main categories to organize its reason codes: Authorization, Card Member Disputes, Fraud, and Processing Errors as well as two additional categories, Inquiry/Miscellaneous and Chargeback Programs, to classify just a handful of reason codes. 3: Goods or services were not as described: C31: RM: 13. Chapter 6 Pre-Arbitration and Arbitration Case Filing-For Chargebacks Initiated On or After 17 July 2020 > Time Frames and Requirements > Dual Message System Pre-Arbitration andAccording to Discover, cardholders officially have 120 days from the date of the transaction to initiate a chargeback, although the network may accept claims filed outside of that window on a case-by-case basis. What is American Express chargeback reason code FR4? American Express chargeback reason code FR4 falls under the “Inquiry/Miscellaneous” category. Here are some numbers on chargeback reason codes: 30% - the number of chargebacks that result from transactions made with a stolen card. Visa - 13. Chargebacks were introduced as a form of consumer protection against. You can learn more about each one by visiting the Mastercard Chargeback Guide. ’Like traditional chargeback reason codes, an ACH return code indicates why the RDFI initiated the transaction reversal request. 10201. Merchants who receive a chargeback for a transaction placed with an American Express card may encounter reason code F29, which indicates an unauthorized transaction that the cardholder does not believe they should be responsible for paying. 0 only applies to reason code 10. 11. Removed these Discover Chargeback Codes: AL, CA, IC, IS, NC, SV, U03, UNR. Shopify has four status categories for chargebacks and inquiries: Open: No response has been sent yet and evidence can still be added. A service chargeback is filed by a customer, which means that you need to note the card type and dispute reason code so that you can determine which types of information to submit if you dispute the claim. 4. Every card brand has a unique set of chargeback reason codes banks must choose from. Standard Threshold: Reaching a chargeback ratio of 0. 4853 – Cardholder Dispute – Digital Goods Purchase of $25 or Less. /HealthCare IIAS Auto-sub Data Retrieval Request 70 Int'l only Effective Change Date AMEX F24 FR4 FR5 M01 M04 M10 P01 P04 P05 R03 R13 Duplicate Billing Captial damages M19 Offset adjustment Non-Matching Account Number. A chargeback can happen when a customer initiates a transaction dispute. The aim of CE 3. Reason codes are important to help merchants address recurring. 4. 7 • A transaction has been processed against a card number that is invalid because it does not exist, has not been assigned to an active cardholder account, or is otherwise incorrect. Availability Date: October 24th, 2021. In most cases, the bank chooses a course of action based on information the cardholder provides. The newer system is designed to. On that note, below are some vendor missteps that could result in Visa reason code 13. To help simplify things, we’ve compiled a list of chargeback codes used by the four major card networks: Visa, Mastercard, American Express, and Discover. ”. ”. 0" or CE3. Authorizations. Not remembering the original purchase. Discover. Transaction unauthorized make up 30% of all chargeback reason codes. This definitive guide includes the chargeback rationale codes from each of to four major card networks. Retrieval: A request initiated by a customer for more information about a charge. 1 chargeback: 1. This involves the cardholder’s bank serving as a mediator, rather than eBay. A chargeback happens when a customer requests for a transaction to be reversed. Chargeback management describes all of the ways in which merchants can deal with fraud and disputes that result in payment reversals. Find your dispute ticket by choosing between the “Open” and “Closed” tabs. 3? Visa chargeback reason code 11. most common reason codes for recurring merchants include: 7. If you've determined the chargeback is meritless, and you know the reason code, below are the five stages of an effective chargeback representment. Credit card chargeback reason codes broken down by Mastercard, Discover and American Express Visa chargeback reason codes. It can protect against criminal fraud attacks, but equally important, it protects you from liability due to fraud and other losses. 4 –. It was originally just one facet of legacy reason code 81. For a Mastercard late presentment chargeback to be valid, all the following conditions must apply: The cardholder’s account must be permanently closed. The keys to this are improved communication, enhanced customer satisfaction measures, and effective dispute resolution when necessary. The issuing bank assigns each case a code according to the consumer’s claim, and the merchant must adhere to the time limits for that specific code. The chargeback period, or the time limit for filing a chargeback, depends on the card scheme and the chargeback reason code. Chargeback. Lack of proper chargeback reason codes. This chargeback occurs when merchants do not adequately provide currency information. 2 Declined Authorization. These disputes are commonly referred to as friendly fraud. The cardholder alleges they never received the products or services. For each claim, you must craft your representment to suit the reason code under which the bank filed the chargeback. At Visa they used to receive reason code 98. Chargeback time frames - A specific period during which a chargeback can be raised. #9. This chargeback reason code is also referred to as “Point-of-Interaction” Errors. Chargeback Reason Codes Fraud – Card-Not-Present (CNP) Network Reason Code Bank Initiation Timeframe Accel 81 120 calendar days from transaction processing date American Express FR2, F14, F24, F29 120 calendar days from transaction processing date Discover 4752 AA, 7030 UA02 Within 30 calendar days from the close date of the TRR The reason code also presents a timeline to fight the chargeback and what evidence is needed to reverse the chargeback. 2 EMV Liability Shift Non-Counterfeit Fraud 10. Pre-arbitration (pre-arb): When the customer challenges a chargeback won by the business for a second time. 2. We've produced some changes to our API You're viewing documentation with his latest API. 4? Visa chargeback reason code 12. 102. Reason codes. Note. One catch is that CE3. The Fintech Times. Ethoca alerts can prevent chargebacks before they hit your bank account. The third digit indicates the specific reason within that category. Guide to Chargeback Reason Codes. If you're contesting a chargeback, you'll need solid evidence. A02. 2. As a merchant, you face the brunt of chargeback losses. Every of the major card brands, the. Spot these types of chargebacks using the below reason codes. A chargeback happens when a customer requests for a transaction to be. These are only a handful of common Visa chargeback reason codes. 4812 Account Number Not On File. The chargeback initially results in the debit or credit card charge being reversed and the funds that you received for the payment being returned to the customer. By entering your email, you agree to receive marketing emails from Shopify. C02 | C04 | C05 | C08 | C14 | C18 | C28 | C31. Dubbed "Compelling Evidence 3. The process is often troublesome; most times, reason codes do not show the actual basis why customer is disputing a transaction. 1. Summary of Changes, 13 December 2018The reason_code will be one of the following values: chargeback_reimbursement: The gross shows positive if the chargeback was resolved in the seller's favor, and the seller gets a refund. In the distribution industry,. A01. Chargebacks have both short and long-term ramifications for merchants. The Visa chargeback reason codes system underwent a major overhaul in April 2018 as part of their new Visa Claims Resolution (VCR) initiative. 4: Other fraud: Card-absent environment: VCR Dispute Reason Code 13. The CB Reason represents the default reason for marking the transaction as a chargeback, but this default value can be changed. We also included the reason code descriptions and an indication of when the allowable time frame begins. The cardholder does not recognize your name on their statement. You can check on the status of your dispute by following these steps: Login to your Chime mobile app. Now, compliance cases must be submitted through Visa Resolve Online (VROL). Documentation must be a direct result of cardholder communication. com. UA10 Request Transaction Receipt (swiped card transactions) UA11 Cardholder claims fraud (swiped transaction, no signature) What follows is a quick reference guide for all the current reason codes for each of the four major credit card networks: Visa, Mastercard, American Express, and Discover. These symbols stand for reasons why a financial institution may file a credit card chargeback from their client’s name. Here are some chargeback reason codes by card type. Visa chargebacks can be a major inconvenience for merchants. A chargeback reason code is a two- or four-digit alphanumeric code issuing banks assign to disputes. Use pre-sale fraud detection service providers that can help verify the cardholder’s identity, detect potential criminal activity, and reduce the risk of accepting unauthorized transaction. This code tells you why the customer or bank initiated the dispute. 3. You must tailor your representment case — including the compelling evidence — to the reason code under. For example, your trading name on the receipt differs to that on their statement. The business has the chance to refute the chargeback. The process is often troublesome; most times, reason codes do not show the actual basis why customer is disputing a transaction. The issuing bank collects evidence from the customer and categorizes the chargeback using the appropriate, card network-specific, reason code. Added the following fields - Store ID, Credit Card Chargeback Reason Code. Only an issuer can initiate the chargeback process. Despite concerns about increased friction, every merchant should deploy 3-D Secure at checkout. Learning about each of the chargeback reason codes can help you dispute them. Your comprehensive guide to chargeback reason codes, transaction modifiers, time limits, and compelling evidence for the four major card. Protect stored cardholder data.